This article provides an introduction to automated scanning electron microscopy—energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and the capabilities it can offer in development of inhalable drug products. Case studies are presented for a foreign particulate matter investigation of a metered dose inhaler (MDI); an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)-specific particle size distribution of a dry powder inhaler (DPI); and a quantitative sameness of shape analysis for a nebulizer liquid suspension.